Check out The White Plague by Frank Herbert. And Jerry Pournelle wrote a lot of novels about the CoDominium, an alliance between the US & USSR to suppress scientific research due to the instability it could cause.
On second thought, I suddenly understand why "the evil government" is so common in science fiction. It's not only about the well-known libertarian-leaning political stance of those authors, but also an extremely useful literary device to check and balance the effect of hi-tech to create a dynamic balance of force in-universe to ensure stability.
In particular, in some stories, the government plays a relatively ambiguous role - still being the oppressor, but also has an important duty of fighting terrorism, so that the world won't just collapse so easily because of a few mad men, and the hackers can keep having their parties.
