It need not even be pre-historical. Until indoor plumbing, germ theory, and modern medicine in general, infectious diseases were one of the few remaining modes of natural selection that humanity couldn't control. The usual solutions to nature's challenges like increasing density to allow for specialization and economies of scale or trading with neighbors just made the problem worse. Given how many people died due to the introduction of diseases to the Americas and the black plague in Europe, infectious diseases have definitely been a powerful driver of our evolution in the common era, let alone 10,000+ years ago.