The page you linked is not actually ambiguous, though perhaps a bit tricky to read. It says:
1. If you're compiling Objective C in ARC mode, you can't use NSAutoreleasePool directly, and must instead use @autoreleasepool.
2. In manual reference counting mode you can use either NSAutoreleasePool or @autoreleasepool, but the latter has lower overhead. (This may matter if e.g. you're draining the autorelease pool on every iteration of a loop to reduce memory spikes.)
Under the hood -- at least on the version I disassembled -- NSAutoreleasePool's -init and -release methods wrap the CoreFoundation CFAutoreleasePoolPush and CFAutoreleasePoolPop functions, which in turn call the runtime's objc_autoreleasePoolPush and objc_autoreleasePoolPop functions, which are the things that @autoreleasepool will cause the compiler to emit directly.
Keep in mind that the reason the `@autorelease` syntax is faster is primarily due to ARC optimizations (which don't apply here, since you're not using ARC).
Calling the `_objc_autoreleasePoolXX` functions are still likely to be faster than the NSAutoreleasePool objects, but only because you're avoiding the Objective-C message sends.
I have a hard time keeping up with their changes but you might be right: https://developer.apple.com/documentation/foundation/nsautor...
Oddly it says you cannot use them directly, but later implies maybe they are just less efficient. It would be nice if somebody made an issue for this.