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SCSI was a fairly wide-ranging protocol, supporting anything from hard disks to CD recorders to document scanners, and iSCSI could theoretically encapsulate all of that. SCSI also came with a lot of historical quirks, like 6/10/12/16 byte addressing, which were progressively added as devices got larger and requirements got more complex. As a result, implementing software to interact with iSCSI is a pain, because there's simply so much legacy weirdness to deal with.

NBD is much more narrowly focused. It exposes a single block device to the kernel, with a minimal set of commands focused on that use case (e.g. read, write, trim, prefetch, etc). It doesn't do as many things as iSCSI, but that's probably for the better.



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