A graphic designer is typically associated with print and advertising (typography, layout). A visual designer is typically associated with apps (icon design, look and feel, design language). Obviously there is a lot of overlap and it's not hard for a graphic designer to get a job as a visual designer (most of the ones I've worked with, and my wife, are trained graphic designers working in visual).

Now how about motion designers (visual specialty)? Or 3D model designers (visual but usually industrial or game designers in this role)? Or interaction designers (UX but not visual related)? Or visual production artists (not really design, but often done by visual designers)? Or visual designers who specialize in pixels vs. visual designers who specialize in vectors?

The field is very diverse.