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“Remove occurrences of the short name of the Debian derivative from Canonical” (debian.org)
111 points by zdw on Nov 8, 2013 | hide | past | favorite | 79 comments


So Canonical started abusing trademark law to silence critics, by claiming they could only use the name Ubuntu with permission and in specific contexts. Debian, being the distro of freedom, is preemptively removing the trademarked name in order to make it impossible for Canonical to do the same to them.

While it is extremely unlikely that Canonical ever would, the point stands that they've done this at least once to others. By taking this action Debian is protecting their users from what they perceive as an IP threat.

While it may seem a little silly, I am very glad they're doing this if only because it's drawing attention to how far Canonical has gone with some of their whacky and controlling decisions.

Context, for those who want it- http://arstechnica.com/information-technology/2013/11/canoni...


Just to be clear, Debian didn't do this, I did.

And only, so far in one package, which can be used to mirror Debian or various of its derivatives.


Isn't 'Canonical' a trademark? Couldn't you just refer to it as DerivativeOS4 and then have a central reference table?


That reference table would have to contain Canonical or Ubuntu, though.


It keeps the source cleaner though and it wouldn't have to.

DerivativeOS4 - Debian-based operating system released in 2004 by UK Company No. 06870835.


So store the reference table on a server in a friendlier jurisdiction ;-).


Maybe just a tinyurl link to their website.


Now there's an interesting question. IANAL, but here's what I understand the law to be, from years doing small business and startup stuff. It would be really nice if a lawyer or two could read through and comment....

Here's how I understand Canadian trademark law. There will be commonalities and important differences with other jurisdictions.

In Canada, one cannot trade mark an existing dictionary word. One can trademark a representation of a word. Canonical being a dictionary word, it cannot be trademarked in Canada - but particular combinations of colour, font, background, images could be trademarked.

Ubuntu is also a dictionary word - just not in an English or French dictionary, the ones best known to CIPO (Canadian Intellectual Property Office) and its associated bits of the government.

So theoretically, one cannot trademark Ubuntu, the word. There are Canadian trademarks for representations of the word, but they have nothing to do with computers and Canonical.

Having said that, "novel" combinations of ordinary dictionary words can be trademarked. I never bothered to registered "EdgeKeep" and "Securing the Edge", but I marked them as trademarks - (TM) instead of (R) - everywhere I used them. Had there ever been a dispute, precedent would have been on my side, but I could have lost to deep pockets.

For example, Office cannot be trademarked as just a word, in most jurisdictions most of the time, but Microsoft Office can be.

My understanding is that some jurisdictions limit the dictionary word restriction to specific languages, but whether this is de jure or de facto (by law or by convention), I do not know.

So this gets complicated really quickly, because ubuntu and canonical are just words, Ubuntu and Canonical refer to specific products and companies, the U&C terms may be trademarkable in some jurisdictions but not all, and, in any case...

...if one needs to refer to Canonical the company, then one may, despite that word being potentially trademarked in one or more jurisdictions. Whether one may make as liberal reference to the products of that company is another question.

But IANAL, and even if I was, it might not matter until a judge spoke on this particular question, or a relevantly similar one.

Fun, eh?

PS I really, really like the idea of using "RestrictedDerivativeBy<insertAdjectiveHere>Company" instead of Ubuntu or Canonical, because it makes the point so much better in a sarcastic and humourous way. It makes all of the above moot, but when did mootness ever stop a good debate? :->


I guess it's getting time to move upstream. Which is fine, I've never given a dime to Canonical, they can do what they want. But it's too bad, they were one of the best things to happen to Linux.


Thanks for the context. I used to use Ubuntu and found this feature to be nonsense. Who would come up with this idea? Let's make money by sending peoples searches to Amazon whenever they search for a file on their PC. Of course when I can't find my file, I'd love and expect the convenience to... get it on Amazon?!


I take it the Debian derivative from Canonical that cannot be named is sort of like a Prominent North American Enterprise Linux Vendor[0] for the average user?

I'm curious if there's some sort of backstory to this.

[0] http://www.pnaelv.net/



Thanks. I'm not a fan of the whole Unity Amazon integration deal myself, but I think there's a clear difference between a site critical of Ubuntu using their name in the domain and their logo in the header image versus a passing remark in documentation or code.

Mind you, I think the original case was a clear attempt at abuse of trademark law against legitimate criticism. I do feel, however, that the distro-that-can't-be-named remark sounds petty. If they want to avoid mentioning Ubuntu they could just say something like "Debian derivatives."


> there's a clear difference between a site critical of Ubuntu using their name in the domain and their logo in the header image versus a passing remark in documentation or code.

IANAL, but as far as I understand US law (it's crazy, but everybody needs to learn it nowadays), the first use is explicitly permitted, while a passing citation in documentation is a more nebulous issue.


I'm very surprised by your statement. It would seem to me to be the opposite way round. Surely a passing a citation is fine, it's using someone's trademark in your branding (and a domain name and logo is arguably branding) that's the nebulous issue? Could you point out to me where I could learn about US law that would teach me this counter-intuitive reasoning?


First, it's not Debian derivatives. It's a specific derivative that, unfortunately, can not be named.

Then, It is a bit paranoid, but Debian people work very har to clear their distro from any IP risk, and writting down the name of that distro that can not be named is now a risk.


Today I learned about http://www.fixubuntu.com.

Thanks Mark!


To quote U$@u

> Ubuntu is an ancient African word meaning 'humanity to others'.

Issuing take down notices? Stay classy Mark Shuttleworth


Canonical has been kind enough to not include the name "Debian" on their Debian derivative's front[0] or about[1] pages. It finally shows up in the about - about [short name of the Debian derivative from Canonical] page. [2]

Compare this to Crunchbang - another Debian derivative that many Ubuntu users have fled to - their homepage includes the word Debian 6 times.[3] On their about page a link to Debian using the proper "Debian GNU/Linux" name is their first order of business.[4] I'm a Debian user and I must say much respect to Crunchbang for making the effort.

[0] - http://www.ubuntu.com/

[1] - http://www.ubuntu.com/about/

[2] - http://www.ubuntu.com/about/about-ubuntu

[3] - http://www.crunchbang.com

[4] - http://crunchbang.org/about/


Canonical doesn't even really mention the kernel Linux or the GNU project anymore.


They do include Debian in their about page: http://www.ubuntu.com/about/about-ubuntu

Futhermore, you missed the "Ubuntu and Debian" page, which is only a two links away from the home page: http://www.ubuntu.com/about/about-ubuntu/ubuntu-and-debian


ubuntu.com/about/about-ubuntu is literally link number two above, I realize it's a bit obfuscated

The point I was making is how deeply the connection to Debian is buried on the ubuntu.com site and contrasting it to Crunchbang's approach which is to give back mindshare

As for your two links point, the fastest path I can find is 3:

/ --> /about --> /about/about-ubuntu --> about/about-ubuntu/ubuntu-and-debian

3 clicks, each link with it's own level of prominence. It's safe to say the Debian connection isn't featured for the average user. And I would imagine well over half the website is available within 3 three clicks of the homepage, I have half a mind to crawl it to find out...

EDIT: I looked again and I can't find the word "Debian" at http://www.ubuntu.com/about/, so either my search feature is broken or it's not there


> The point I was making is how deeply the connection to Debian is buried on the ubuntu.com site and contrasting it to Crunchbang's approach which is to give back mindshare

I accept that point.

(TBH, I shouldn't have bothered with my previous comment, because it was just pedantic).

In my mind, Ubuntu is competing (or at least trying to compete) with Google, Microsoft and Apple. They can't afford to waste valuable front page space on things that would only interest people like us. I think that's perfectly understandable. They still have an Ubuntu and Debian page for those who care. If sharing credit is important to you, than by all means go with something like Crunchbang.


I'm no Canonical apologist, but they do have a "intellectual property" document and are quite clear about what they deem acceptable and what they don't.

They very specifically say you need permission in domains:

"You will require Canonical’s permission to use ... any Trademark in a domain name or URL or for merchandising purposes."

http://www.canonical.com/intellectual-property-policy


Who gives a crap about what they deem acceptable. That's definitely non-enforceable in cases like "ubuntusucks.com"


Well, the original problem wasn't ubuntusucks.com, but fixubuntu.com with the Ubuntu logo. One could make the argument that those two things combined without a clear disclaimer at the very least could be an issue.

I do think Canonical's approach was far too heavy-handed, but this case is nothing like ubuntusucks.com (on multiple levels =)).


I am of course not referring to this particular instance, but posing a counterexample to the overly broad language in their intellectual property policy.


I am talking about this instance where Joey Hess is suggesting Debian cannot use the trademark without risking trouble.

I don't happen to agree with Canonical's behaviour in this respect, or believe it's enforceable.


He isn't suggesting Debian can't use Canonical's trademark, he's future-proofing/drawing attention to Canonical's newest fall from grace.


meh, he's quite clearly drawing attention +by+ suggesting it.


... what they deem acceptable and what they don't.

Isn't law what decides these things? Canonical may be full of hopes and dreams about how they prefer people to behave, but they don't make the laws.


The law doesn't decide what Canonical deem acceptable, no.

However, the law (or more accurately, judges interpreting the law) get to decide whether it's enforceable.


Except that policies like that are completely meaningless in the face of the law. They are like the rules you used to make up as a kid.


Meaningless in the face of the law doesn't mean it's meaningless.

It describes under what circumstances they'll send threatening letters and otherwise stamp their feet. Some people are intimidated by that kind of thing. And it can certainly cost you some real time and money dealing with it, and they have more than you.


Just so - but /pretending/ to have such a right of veto speaks volumes about their approach.

It respects neither the letter not the spirit of the law, and it makes Canonical look thuggish and crass.

If they want to protect their brand, they could pay a little more attention to the reputational risks of their own behaviour.


You have to enforce your trademark to keep it. It's one of the crucial differences between it and copyright or patents.

mikeash: good point.


Yes, but enforcement is only required to keep it when people are actually violating it. I'm no lawyer, but it looks to me that the "Fix Ubuntu" web site falls clearly under nominative fair use of the trademark, which is when you use a trademark to actually refer to the original product.


I don't really see how Canonical can take away the right to use a trademark nominatively[1], as provided by law, just by declaring your rights to be gone in a policy.

[1] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fair_use_(U.S._trademark_law)


They can't. OTOH, limitations on exclusive rights in trademarks (or any other form of IP) vary a lot by jurisdiction, and within a jurisdiction over time; its fairly common for organizations to state policies where the domain of things for which permission is stated to be required overlaps the area of limitations on the right in question; to the extent those overlap, the stated policy has no effect, it only has effect in the intersection of the area where the company asserts a restriction and the area where local law gives the company control.


I suspect and hope that you are right.

But if you were in his position would you fancy fighting it?


That really depends on whether or not I could afford to (the sad reality of our legal system). Fortunately, the EFF seems to be helping him: https://micahflee.com/2013/11/canonical-shouldnt-abuse-trade...


I'm pretty radical when it comes to "intellectual property". As far as I'm concerned copyright and patents are both a matter of appropriating centuries of collective public property. Nobody invents anything from scratch.

But I don't see anything wrong with protecting a trademark, within reason.


any Trademark in a domain name or URL

Is obviously bollocks though as by that reading you couldn't have an article about Ubuntu with Ubuntu in the headline without permission if you used article headlines in your sites URLs like every online magazine ever does.


I'm going to assume you get written permission from the NFL every time you use your DVR, have some friends over to watch the game, or talk about the game with your friends and coworkers.


What is an NFL?

And DVR? Is that like the pirate bay?


From the commit:

  +  } elsif ($origin=~/^[U][b][u][n][t][u]$/ or $origin eq "Canonical") {

That made me laugh.


clearly should have been just elsif ($origin=~ /^[UC][ba][nu][no][tn][ui]c?a?l?$/)


That's just wrong, they don't want to match "Cauntica" or something like that... :-)


Ahh, good ol' Canntica, my favorite OS.


This is definitely a horrible move from Canonical, but I imagine they are simply following their legal counsel. In general terms, you have to prosecute violators of your trademark if you want to keep your trademark (unlike copyright or patents).

In this case, they're probably making things worse for themselves overall, but I wish people would take the complexities of trademark law in account before accusing them of censorship.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trademark#Maintaining_rights


Trademark law does not require you to harass people using your trademark to refer to your product.

I wish people would not try to justify corporate bullying based on a misunderstanding of trademark law.

Also: it's legal counsel, not legal council.


IANAL, but a domain name is more than just a reference to a product. ICANN gives trademark holders additional privileges when it comes to domain names.


http://www.icann.org/en/resources/compliance/complaints/ip/

> Complaints regarding trademark infringement due to website content and domain names are outside of ICANN's scope and authority.

The only case where ICANN Has anything to say is in a case of domain squatting, which this isn't: although Canonical has a trademark interest in "Ubuntu", there's no violation since it's being used nominatively,and it's not being used in bad faith. (Search for UDRP for more information on this policy).


In that case Canonical have really shot themselves in the foot :)


They do it so frequently I'm surprised they have any feet left!


Yes. Debian has its own restrictions on one of its own logos. See the terms on their restricted use logo on their Logos page[1]; they reserve the right to assert copyright privilege in the same way.

[1]: http://www.debian.org/logos/


I clicked on your link, and it turns out that Debian have two logos: an open use one, and a restricted one. The one you probably know and love is actually the open use one, I've never seen the restricted one before.

(BTW, copyright and trademarks are very different things, be careful with your terminology.)


Yes, I said 'restricted use logo' above; I wasn't talking about the open use one. My point is that Debian, like Canonical, may assert their intellectual property rights for whatever purposes they see fit. Some folks (not necessarily you) are confusing "can they" with "should they" w.r.t. Canonical.

You're right that copyright and trademark law are two different things. That said, the word "trademark" occurs on that page only in the footer, applied to the name Debian. Nowhere (on that page at least) are the images asserted as trademarks, whereas there's a prominent copyright notice near each logo. I suppose the copyright could be read to apply to the license text and not to the logo, although that would be odd, and inconsistent with the explicit copyright wording of the open use logo.


Curious, if anyone knows: how exactly are the square brackets in this line helping do anything that wouldn't be accomplished without them?

  /^[U][b][u][n][t][u]$/


Figured out the answer to my own question: it must be a silly/clever way to avoid having the literal string "Ubuntu" in the source.


I suspect this may be an example of Mr Hess's sense of humour.

Which I appreciate by the way.


No context. Seems petty?

The issue was about the logo


Read the letter published by Ars[1], they refer not only to the logo but to the "Ubuntu word" (trademark of Canonical) and "to use the Ubuntu trademarks and Ubuntu word in a domain name would require approval from Canonical".

[1] http://arstechnica.com/information-technology/2013/11/canoni...

Edit: formatting


Petty as all heck on the part of Canonical, I agree.


It doesn't matter, trademark law requires you to pro-actively prosecute violators if you want to keep your trademark.

Although I still wish Canonical was more transparent about who gets to use its trademarks and who doesn't: https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu-community/+bug/394328

sp332: You're right, although it's not clear to me that this definitely is not a violation. I hope it isn't for the sake of free speech.


It doesn't require you to threaten people who don't violate your trademark, but they did anyway.


Show me where in their message there were any threats.


It was very polite, and props to them for that. But that doesn't mean there were no threats.

to use the Ubuntu trademarks and Ubuntu word in a domain name would require approval from Canonical... Unfortunately, in this instance we cannot give you permission to use Ubuntu trademarks...

This has a big "OR ELSE" implicit in it. Requiring means enforcing.


How fun. It doesn't require you to send requests to people who don't violate your trademark, but they did anyway.


"The-Distro-That-Must-Not-Be-Named"


Voldemort Linux?


May it be said that humanitytoothers is also unpronounceable?

Can I use it in my homepage?

The domain humanitytoothers.com is available! What does that mean?


Suggest you buy humanity-toothers.com too.


Speaking it's name only makes it more powerful.


Fear of the name increases fear of the thing itself.


I propose that we refer to Ubuntu as Voldemort from now on.


But I thought fear of a name only increases fear of the thing itself?

edit: dammit. Beaten to it.


Damn! Canonical just made another good point why 'the Debian derivative from Canonical' should not be used any more ...


Well, it made me giggle.




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