They definitely have many stores in large urban centers. Click around on the store list, the majority are mall based.
If your city has a freestanding, non-outlet Gap, Pottery Barn, Crate and Barrel or Williams Sonoma, you are probably worthy of a freestanding Apple store. Otherwise, it will be in an upscale mall near those stores.
In my experience, Apple stores are freestanding in dense urban centers, and located in shopping malls in suburban areas. I haven't seen any exceptions to this rule so far.
Are they? Do you have data on that? I am by no means an expert on Apple stores but of the ones I've seen, only one was in a traditional enclosed mall.